Vol. 7, Special Issue 2 (2025)

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases which is characterized by progressive optic neuropathy. It has multifactorial risk factors. It finally leads to blindness if not treated on time. Primary open angle glaucoma or POAG is a type of glaucoma. Here, elevated intraocular pressure is the most prevalent risk factor. Glaucoma is associated with sensitivity to IOP (Intraocular Pressure) and lowering IOP through tropical application of hypotensive drugs is one of the therapeutic approaches for its treatment. In humans, around 60-80% of aqueous humor drains out through Trabecular pathway (Trabecular Meshwork + Schlemm’s Canal) and 20-40% by uveoscleral pathway by diffusion through interstitial spaces of the ciliary muscle into suprachoroidal space. There becomes increase in resistance to the drainage of fluid at interface between Trabecular Meshwork and inner wall of Schlemm’s Canal. As elevated IOP is the main modifiable risk factor and daily eye drops are the primary treatment of choice. The drawbacks associated with the treatments are vision affected for weeks or months, eyesight may not be as good as before, not a complete cure, most people will have lower pressure last only a few years (3-4). There are several drugs involved in treatment (to decrease IOP) of Glaucoma as β-blockers, α2-antagonists, Prostaglandin Analogues, Cholinergic, Cholinesterase inhibitors etc. Maximum reduction in IOP (25-35%) is by Prostaglandin Analogue 8 hours. To increase its efficacy, we need drugs Nano formulation. Nanodrugs can be superior with respect to controlled release, targeted delivery and therapeutic impact. In traditional formulations, only a small amount of administered drug penetrates the cornea to reach the desired intraocular tissue due to corneal barriers. There is a requirement of biodegradable nanocarriers that can release drugs on specific sites for longer duration without interrupting the normal functions of eye.