Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part C (2025)

Ionizing radiation severely damages the highly sensitive testes by inducing massive oxidative stress by generating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to germ cell apoptosis and infertility. Current radioprotectors often have systemic toxicity, necessitating safer alternatives. This study investigates the radioprotective potential of caffeine-coated silver nanoparticles in Swiss albino mice against gamma radiation. Mice were orally pre-treated with caffeine-coated silver nanoparticles at doses of 25, 50, 100,150 and 200 mg/kg b.wt/day for 15 consecutive days. All groups were then exposed to a single 5 Gy gamma radiation dose. The body weight, testis weight, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were analyzed up to 30 days post irradiation. The mice of group (supplemented with 100 mg/kg b.wt/day) had a significant increase in body weight and testis weight. Moreover, radiation-induced elevation in lipid peroxidation and decline in glutathione concentration in testes were significantly ameliorated by this dose. Observations established that a 100 mg/kg body weight/day dose represents the optimal concentration of caffeine-coated silver nanoparticles for achieving maximal radioprotection against gamma radiation-induced testicular injury in Swiss albino mice.