Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: The most prevalent endocrinopathy in women, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), affects 7% to 12% of women globally who are of reproductive age. Numerous clinical symptoms, including obesity and insulin resistance (IR), might be signs of PCOS. Women who have PCOS have been found to have hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). 
Objective: To study the correlation of homocysteine (Hcy) level with IR and ß-cell function among women with PCOS.
Methods: One hundred women with PCOS and one hundred control women participated in a case-control research. Blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, insulin, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma Hcy, fasting blood glucose (FBG), testosterone, and body mass index (BMI) were all measured. In addition, IR and pancreatic ß-cell function were determined using HOMA-IR and HOMA-B equations respectively.
Results: Patients with PCOS had significantly greater levels of Hcy, FBG, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, testosterone (p< 0.001), and HbA1c (p<0.01) than control women. Significant positive relationships (p<0.05) were found between Hcy and HOMA-IR, FBG, Insulin, HbA1c, and testosterone. Hcy and HOMA B, however, did not significantly correlate (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Strong correlation exists between Hcy and IR as well as insulin and other glycaemic parameters. As a result, T2D, metabolic syndrome, CVD, and associated consequences are significantly more likely to affect women with PCOS.